Tikvah
Editors’ Pick

June 2, 2026

When Jews, Christians, and Muslims First Recorded Their Sacred Music

The origins of trop.

Around the 9th century, groups of Jewish scribes, known as Masoretes (literally, “bearers of tradition”), developed a system of markings to represent vowels, and clarify the pronunciation of consonants, in written Hebrew. They also devised a set of symbols to convey the melody according to which the biblical text was to be chanted—the trop studied in preparation for countless bar- and bat-mitzvah ceremonies. 

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