Tikvah
Editors’ Pick

November 15, 2018

Ancient Oil Jugs Shed Light on the Biblical Idea of the Covenant

When the kings of Judah were vassals of Assyria.

The recent municipal elections in the Jerusalem suburb of Beit Shemesh have been in the news in Israel. But Joshua Berman points to other important news coming from the town, which is also the site of the largest ongoing archaeological excavation in the country. Among the findings are the remains of a 7th-century-BCE plant for the mass production of olive oil, unprecedented in size, littered with handles from large jugs bearing the inscription la-melekh, “for the king.” These words indicate that the oil was intended as tribute for the kings of Assyria, who at the time exercised their suzerainty over the kingdom of Judea. To Berman, the discovery sheds light on both biblical politics and biblical theology:

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