Tikvah
Editors’ Pick

May 19, 2026

The World of Ancient Israelite Scribes

Who wrote (down) the Bible?

Ever since modern biblical scholarship emerged in 19th-century Germany, the question of the Hebrew Bible’s authorship has been a historical lightening rod. But William Schniedewind takes on a different, if related, question: who were the scribes who physically wrote the biblical text on scrolls? Ethan Schwartz describes what we know about the earliest Near Eastern scribes in his review:

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