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April 1, 2024

The Origins of Kabbalah on Both Sides of the Pyrenees

The 13th-century rabbis who dared to put secret teachings on paper.

While the Talmud speaks of esoteric knowledge, and there are mystical Jewish texts of considerable antiquity, most scholars date the emergence of what is now known as Kabbalah (literally “tradition,” or “thing that is received”) to a group of rabbis in medieval Provence, whose teachings then spread into northeastern Spain. Tamar Marvin considers how to make sense of their teachings:

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