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October 3, 2017

Muslim Rulers Once Gave Jews Permission to Pray at the Western Wall. What Happened to Their Decrees?

The search for the missing firman.

As legend has it, the 16th-century Ottoman sultan Suleiman the Magnificent issued a royal edict (or firman) allowing Jews to pray at the Western Wall. But a record of this firman has never been located. To further complicate matters, in the early 20th century Itamar Ben-Avi—whose father, Eliezer Ben-Yehudah, was responsible for the revival of Hebrew as a spoken language—wrote extensively of a later, similar firman, issued by Sultan Abdulaziz, who ruled from 1861 to 1876. This too has never surfaced in the Ottoman archives. Nadav Shragai describes the quest for these mysterious documents, and cites the best evidence available:

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